Orthopedics

Overview

Sunshine Hospitals offers the latest in Adult Reconstruction & Joint Replacement for the Hip, Knee, and Surgical Arthritis. The hospital deals with a wide range of musculoskeletal conditions, and carries out the most number of joint replacement procedures in the Country. From diagnosis and treatment to recuperation and well-being, team Sunshine is a blend of experienced surgeons and rheumatologists who provide top quality care for hundreds of patients every day.

The latest treatment options are available for

Inflammatory arthritis or osteoarthritis
Autoimmune diseases
Cartilage or ligament problems
Revision surgery
Minimally invasive surgery
Partial joint replacement surgery, or total joint replacement surgery

Joint Replacement (Hip, Knee, Shoulder)

A surgery is always the last option at the Sunshine Hospitals. It is carried out only when other options like the physical therapy and medications have been tried, but failed to deliver results. Severe joint pain affects a large chunk of population that includes the elderly, sports people, and accident-hit. A joint replacement surgery is a vastly successful means of eradicating joint pain. It can also be performed to treat advanced arthritis, correcting deformity and reviving mobility.

A team comprising of top joint replacement surgeons in India ably led by Dr. Gurava Reddy performs more than 1,500 procedures - easily making Sunshine Hospitals India's largest providers of hip replacements and knee replacements. They are well supported by a multidisciplinary team of physicians, rehabilitation therapists and nurses who are as committed as the surgeons to provide global standards services in the areas of joint preservation and reconstruction.

Joint repair and replacement options available at Sunshine

Knee Replacement and alternatives

Total knee replacement
Mini incision surgery (MIS)
Unicondylar knee arthroplasty (Partial knee replacement)
Knee arthroscopy (synovectomy & joint lavage)
Osteotomy (joint preserving surgery)
Revision knee replacement

Hip Replacement and alternatives

Total hip replacement
Partial hip replacement
Resurfacing arthroplasty
Mini incision surgery (MIS)
Core decompression / Bone grafting / Osteotomy (joint preserving surgery)
Revision hip replacement

Shoulder & Elbow replacement

Who needs joint replacement?

Individuals who suffer with severe joint pain, stiffness, limping, muscle weakness, limitation of motion, and swelling feel it hard to undertake even the most trivial of general activities. The severity of the problem depends on the joint affected and the amount of damage it has undergone. The most common causes of joint dysfunction are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. There are no proven causes for arthritis, but a number of factors may contribute to the joint deterioration and lead to arthritis.

Some of the factors are

Heredity
Growth defects of joint formation
Genetic tendency to irregular cartilage metabolism
Trauma to the joint cartilage (softening tissue at the edges of the bones)
Being overweight

What is joint replacement?

Damaged cartilage and any related loss of bone structure can be replaced by means of a joint replacement surgery. The treatment procedure intends to resurface the damaged joint, and depends on the individual's muscles and ligaments for sustenance and function.

What is prosthesis?

The prosthesis or the replacement joint is made of titanium, cobalt chrome, stainless steel, ceramic material, and polyethylene (plastic). It can be fastened to the bone with acrylic cement or can be thrust-fit, which supports the growth of bone into the implant. Physiotherapy is then employed once the joint replacement is carried out to restore motion and function. Hip, knee and shoulder are the three most common joint replacement surgeries.

Surgical Arthritis

Comprehensive care for patients suffering with severe inflammatory arthritis is offered in a multidisciplinary setting. Drawing heavily from the expertise of orthopedic surgery and rheumatology, the team embraces a multidisciplinary approach to treat patients with rheumatoid arthritis; aggressive, multi-joint arthritis; other types of inflammatory arthritis; and other autoimmune diseases.

Knee Joint Replacement

Joint replacement or Arthroplasty is one of the most common operations in modern Orthopaedic surgery. It consists of replacing painful, arthritic, worn or cancerous parts of the joint with artificial surfaces shaped in such a way as to allow joint movement.

In an operative procedure of joint replacement, the arthritic or dysfunctional joint surface is replaced with something better or the joint is remodeled or realigned by osteotomy or some other procedure. The joint could be of the knee, hip, shoulder, wrist, finger, etc.

For example a hip joint that is affected by osteoarthritis may be replaced entirely (total hip arthroplasty) with a prosthetic hip. This would involve replacing both the acetabulum (hip socket) and the head and neck of the femur.

The purpose of a joint replacement procedure is to relieve pain, to restore range of motion and to improve walking ability, thus leading to the improvement of muscle strength.

Knee Arthroscopy

Knee Arthroscopy is a common surgical procedure most often performed to relieve the pain and disability from degenerative arthritis, most commonly osteoarthritis, but other arthritides as well. Major causes of debilitating pain include meniscus tears, osteoarthritis, cartilage defects, and ligament tears.

Knee Arthroscopy can be performed as a partial or a total knee replacement. In general, a knee replacement surgery consists of replacing the diseased or damaged joint surfaces of the knee with metal and plastic components shaped to allow continued motion of the knee.

During an average knee arthroscopy, fiber-optic camera (the endoscope) is inserted into the joint through a small incision, about 4 mm (1/8 inch) long. A special fluid is used to visualize the joint parts.

Incapacitating pain from injury or arthritis of the knee that affects everyday activities -- particularly walking and standing -- is the main reason to consider knee arthroscopy.

Knee Replacement

Knee Replacement is a common surgical procedure most often performed to relieve the pain and disability from degenerative arthritis, most commonly osteoarthritis, but other arthritides as well. Major causes of debilitating pain include meniscus tears, osteoarthritis, cartilage defects, and ligament tears.

Knee replacement surgery can be performed as a partial or a total knee replacement. In general, a knee replacement surgery consists of replacing the diseased or damaged joint surfaces of the knee with metal and plastic components shaped to allow continued motion of the knee.

Total Knee Replacement Surgery is the procedure of implanting an artificial knee (called prosthesis). The damaged cartilage and bone from the surface of knee joint are removed and replaced with new metal and plastic surfaces to restore the alignment and function of the knee.

During an average knee replacement surgery, fiber-optic camera (the endoscope) is inserted into the joint through a small incision, about 4 mm (1/8 inch) long. A special fluid is used to visualize the joint parts.

Incapacitating pain from injury or arthritis of the knee that affects everyday activities -- particularly walking and standing -- is the main reason to consider knee replacement.

Hip Joint Replacement

Hip replacement is done in cases of osteoarthritis of the hip joint, severe pain, loss of motion or deformity of the hip joint.

Hip replacement is also used in people with hip injuries, rheumatoid arthritis and other medical conditions, such as a bone tumour or bone loss due to insufficient blood supply.

Hip replacement surgery involves replacing the femoral head - the "ball" of the thighbone - with a metal ball. The metal ball attaches to a metal stem that fits into the thighbone. A plastic and metal socket is implanted into the pelvic bone to replace the damaged socket. The prosthetic parts, which mimic the natural design of the hip, fit together and function like a normal hip joint.

How Does the Hip Work?

The hip joint is a 'ball and socket' joint that permits movement between the thigh bone (femur) and the hip bone (pelvis).The ball shaped head of the femur fits into a rounded socket (acetabulum) in the pelvis which enables the leg to have a broad range of movements. The outer surface of the femoral head and the inside surface of the acetabulum have a smooth and durable cover of cartilage that allows the two surfaces to slide against one another and enable them to move easily.

What are the Common Causes of Hip Pain?

The most common cause of chronic hip pain and disability is arthritis. Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Avascular Necrosis and Traumatic Arthritis are the most common forms of this disease.

Osteoarthritis - commonly known as 'wear and tear arthritis', often occurs in an individual with advancing age, perhaps due to a genetic tendency.

Rheumatoid Arthritis - is an auto-immune disease where the inflammation causes an erosion of the articular cartilage and eventually damages the hip joint surface.

Avascular Necrosis - low blood supply to a part of femoral head leads to its collapse and hence de-generates the hip joint. Alcoholism, fractures and dislocation of the hip and long term treatment with steroids are its prime causes.

Traumatic Arthritis - serious injury to the hip or strange conditions of hip in childhood (congenital dysplasia of the hip) can also lead to the degeneration of hip joint.

Is there any Non-Surgical treatment for Hip Pain?

There are a multitude of ways to get relief from hip pain viz. changing one's lifestyle and pain relieving medications.

What is Hip Replacement Surgery?

Hip Replacement is a surgical procedure in which the head of the femur (ball) and the acetabulum (socket) are replaced with man-made components, called prosthesis. A healthy hip joint will allow the leg to move easily within its range of motion while supporting the upper body and absorbing the strain that occurs from common activities like walking and running.

What is Surface Replacement of the Hip?

It's an advanced alternative of the traditional Hip Replacement Surgery, wherein the damaged and worn out surface at the end of the thigh bone (femur) is resurfaced with a metal cap. This implant is potentially more stable and long lasting than the traditional hip surgery and allows the patient to do multitude of strenuous physical activities like squatting and sitting on the floor. This surgery best suits the young and/or active adults with better bone quality.

Who should have a Hip Replacement Surgery?

If all other conservative measures have failed to cure and the pain is so severe that it is limiting your everyday activities such as walking or bending, you should seriously consider Hip Replacement Surgery. The goals of Hip Replacement Surgery include correcting any deformity (inequality in leg length), improving the function of hip joint, enhancing the quality of life and relieving pain.

What is the Hip Prosthesis Made Of?

A hip prosthesis is made up of many different materials. The acetabular component that replaces the acetabulum, has an outer shell made up of metal and the inner shell can be of plastic, metal or ceramic or the entire socket may be made up of plastic.

The femoral component that replaces the femoral head can either be of single piece or two piece design. A single piece design includes a femoral stem made up of metal alloy and the femoral head that joins the stem can either be of ceramic or metal alloy. This component is also known as modular prosthesis.